System and Method for Redirecting Data to a Wireless Device Over a Plurality of Communication Paths

ABSTRACT

A scheme for redirecting data to a mobile communication device capable of communicating via at least one short-range wireless communication path and at least one long-range wireless communication path. An embodiment comprises one or more of the following: receiving data at a host system; determining whether the mobile communication device is within coverage of a cell of a plurality of cells, each cell being operable with an associated short-range wireless communication path; if the mobile communication device is within coverage of a cell, then redirecting the received data from the host system to the mobile communication device via the short-range wireless communication path associated therewith; and if the mobile communication device is not within coverage of any cells, then redirecting the received data from the host system to the mobile communication device via a long-range wireless communication path effectuated over a wide area cellular network.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent ApplicationSer. No. 09/782,380, filed on Feb. 13, 2001, which is a continuation ofU.S. Pat. No. 6,219,694, entitled “System and Method for PushingInformation from a Host System to a Mobile Data Communication Device,”which was filed May 29, 1998. This application also claims priority fromU.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/227,947, filed on Aug. 25,2000. The entire disclosure of each of these applications and issuedpatent, including the specification and drawing figures therein, ishereby incorporated into the present application by reference.

BACKGROUND

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention is directed toward the field of datacommunications using a mobile device. More specifically, the inventionrelates to the art of redirecting data to a mobile device having awireless interface capable of communicating over a plurality ofcommunication paths.

2. Description of the Related Art

Systems and methods for replicating data from a host system, such as adesktop computer system or a network server, to a user's mobile deviceare known. These systems typically employ “synchronization” schemes inwhich the user's data is warehoused (or stored) at the host system foran indefinite period of time and then is transmitted in bulk only inresponse to a user request. In order to replicate the stored data, theuser typically places their mobile device in an interface cradle that iselectrically connected to the host system, and then executes a command,either at the mobile device or the host system, to begin replication.These known techniques employ a “pull” paradigm that requires the userto take affirmative steps to obtain data from the host system. The onlypoint in time at which the host system and the mobile device are truly“synchronized,” is at the moment of replication. Several minutes, oreven seconds later, a new data item could arrive at the host system (orthe mobile device), but this new data item will only be synchronized atthe next instance of the replication command being executed.

Systems for redirecting phone calls, or aggregating phone numbers intoone phone number, are also known. These systems require the user tomanually reconfigure an aggregating phone switch using a plurality ofphone numbers so that calls are routed to a new location. Also known aresystems that track the number of rings on a given phone number andre-route the call to another number after a set number of unansweredring signals. In this type of system, special voice messages aresometimes presented to the user asking them to wait while the call isre-routed. Oftentimes the caller will hang up in response to such amessage rather than waiting for additional ring signals on another phonenumber.

Another known type of system for communicating data to mobile devices isthe original paging-based system. This type of system uses a smalldevice on the belt that can display a phone number to call in case ofemergencies. These systems were typically offered as third-partyservices that were remote to a company's facilities, and did not relateto communicating the company's private, secure data to mobile users.Advanced versions of these paging systems can transmit an alphanumericmessage or even a simple E-mail message limited to about 170 charactersor less. To use these systems, the user must accept a second E-mailaddress, a second phone number, or a contact number and sometimes athird number called a Personal Identification Number (PIN) tocommunicate with the paging device. These systems also do not providerobust security and privacy, which is a major concern when transmittingsensitive corporate data outside the corporate network.

SUMMARY

A system and method for redirecting data to a mobile device having along-range RF transceiver and a short-range RF transceiver is provided.The system determines whether the mobile device is in physical proximityto the short-range RF network, and if so, redirects data to the mobiledevice via the short-range RF network, and if not, redirects data to themobile device via the long-range RF network. Multiple methods fordetermining the physical location of the mobile device are provided.Also provided is a short-range RF network including a plurality ofRF-enabled interface cradles for generating a network of pico-cellswithin one or more office locations. As a mobile device comes within thevicinity of one of these pico-cells, contact information is provided tothe system indicating the physical location of the mobile device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing data items being redirected from ahost system operating at a user's desktop computer to a mobile deviceover a plurality of communication paths;

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing data items being redirected from ahost system operating at a network server to a mobile device over aplurality of communication paths;

FIG. 3 is a logical flow chart showing how a shared secret can besecurely exchanged in the system shown in FIGS. 1-2;

FIG. 4 is a bottom perspective view of an exemplary mobile device havinga first wireless component wearable on the user's belt and a secondwireless component for insertion in the user's ear;

FIG. 5 is another bottom perspective view of the exemplary mobile deviceshown in FIG. 4, in which the second wireless component has been removedfrom the first wireless component;

FIG. 6 is a schematic of the second wireless component of the exemplarymobile device shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is an electrical block diagram of the exemplary mobile deviceshown in FIGS. 4-6;

FIG. 8 depicts a first user of a mobile device such as shown in FIGS.4-7 communicating via a first communication path comprising a shortrange wireless link, and a second user having a mobile device such asshown in FIGS. 4-7 communicating via a second communication pathcomprising a long range wireless link;

FIG. 9 expands upon FIG. 8, and shows the users moving throughout anoffice environment and into an environment beyond the office;

FIG. 10 also expands upon FIG. 8, and shows the users moving through afirst office environment and into a second, related office environmentat a different physical location from the first office environment;

FIG. 11 is a logical flow diagram depicting a series of exemplary stepsexecuted by a redirector application operating at a host system fordetermining which communication path should be used for routing dataitems to a particular mobile device; and

FIG. 12 is a logical flow diagram depicting a series of exemplary stepsexecuted by a redirector application operating at a host system fordetermining which communication path should be used for routing dataitems to a particular mobile device within a corporate environmenthaving a plurality of office locations.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring now to the drawing figures, FIG. 1 is a system diagram showingdata items 95 being redirected from a host system 120 operating at auser's desktop computer to a mobile device 100 over a plurality ofcommunication paths. In addition to the mobile device 100 and the hostsystem 120, the system includes one or more RF-enabled interface cradles110, a wide area network 135, a redirector application 130, a wirelessgateway 145, and a wireless network 150.

FIG. 1 shows two possible communication paths for redirecting the dataitems to the mobile device 100. In a first path, the redirectorapplication 130 is in communication with the mobile device 100 via along-range wireless network comprising a wide area network 135, awireless gateway 145, and a wireless network 150. The long-rangewireless communications path could be, for example, the Mobitex RadioNetwork (“Mobitex”), the DataTAC Radio Network (“DataTAC”), the CodeDivision Multiple Access (CDMA) network, the Groupe Special Mobile orthe Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and the General PacketRadio Service (GPRS), or the future third-generation (3G) networks likeUMTS, EDGE and W-CDMA.

In a second path, the redirector application 130 is in communicationwith the mobile device 100 via a short-range wireless network comprisinginterface 115, and interface cradle 110, which is preferably equippedwith a short-range wireless RF transceiver. The short-range wirelessinterface could be, for example, a Bluetooth interface, or any othertype of short-range RF interface. The interface cradle 110 cancommunicate with the mobile device in two ways. First, by physically andelectrically connecting the mobile device 100 to the cradle 110. Second,by communicating short-range wireless signals between the wireless RFtransceiver of the cradle 110 and a short-range wireless transceiver inthe mobile device 100.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing data items 95 being redirected from ahost system 120 operating at a network server 225 to a plurality ofmobile devices 100 over a plurality of communication paths. The hostsystem could be a desktop system, a network server, and Internet ServiceProvider (ISP), a phone switch, a mail router or storage area, aninformation database, or some other type of primary data center. Thehost system 120/225 operates as a storage/redirection facility forholding the mobile user's data, and for redirecting the data to theuser's mobile device. The host system 120/225 is preferably locatedbehind a corporate firewall 155, which acts as a privacy barrier forprotecting sensitive corporate information. The host system can also bedirectly coupled to the redirector software 130 so that they act as oneprogram. In this embodiment the host system 120 is said to be“wirelessly enabled” by the redirector software 130. This co-operativerelationship between the redirection software and the messaging systemcan be used to wirelessly enable any messaging system. Commonly usedmessaging systems include Microsoft's™ ‘Exchange’ e-mail system, IBM's™Lotus Notes message system and the Internet standard IMAP4 messagesystem.

FIG. 2 is similar to FIG. 1, except that the network serverimplementation enables a single redirector application 130 to service aplurality of users by receiving data items from a plurality of sourcesand then by redirecting those data items to a plurality of users.Although a single redirector application 130 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,the system can be expanded for use with multiple redirector applications130.

The redirector application 130 preferably operates on the host system120, although it could operate on some other system and be incommunication with the host system 120 through a network connection. Itreceives, processes, stores, filters, and redirects data items from thehost system 120 to the mobile device 100. The redirector 130 alsofunctions to determine the best communication path over which the dataitems should be redirected. This determination is based on informationcollected and stored at the redirector 130 (or accessible by theredirector application) that identifies the approximate physicallocation of the mobile device user. The redirection program 130 is anevent-driven program, operating at the host system 120, which, uponsensing a particular user-defined event has occurred, redirectsuser-selected data items from the host system to the user's mobiledevice 100. The redirector program 130 also interfaces to componentsthat can detect the physical location of the user and track the leastcongested path, shortest path or best propagation path to redirect theuser's information. The information can comprise data messages, phoneitems, video items or any digital or analog information that might bedelivered to a user's host system 120. For matter of clarity the termdata items will refer to all forms of information to be sent to the userincluding data, voice, video and other digital information. For a matterof brevity, the term “host system” includes but is not limited to eithera standalone desktop computer connected to a LAN, a fixed facility likean ISP's service offering, or a networked computer terminal connected toa server and/or an Internet appliance connected to the Internet orIntranet.

For example, in the network implementation shown in FIG. 2, as a mobileuser moves within physical proximity to one of the RF-enabled interfacecradles 110, information is sent to the redirector application 130identifying the mobile device 100 and the network address of theinterface cradle 110. Using this information, the redirector application130 will redirect any incoming or altered data items over the LAN (orother network) to the interface cradle 110 and then to the mobile devicevia a short-range RF communication path. Once the mobile user moves awayfrom the interface cradle 110, additional information is sent to theredirector application 130 indicating that the user is no longer inphysical proximity to the particular cradle 110. The redirector 130 willthen redirect any data items to the mobile device 100 over thelong-range RF communication path 135, 145, 150 until such time as themobile user moves within close physical proximity to another interfacecradle 110.

A mobile user communicating with this system may have multiple officesin which the user may work from, including a home-based office, aplurality of cubical offices in a plurality of office buildings, aworkstation at a remote office space, etc. As the mobile user moves intoand out of his home office and the other offices, a wirelesscommunication path between the mobile device 100 and the host system 120is either established or broken. As the mobile user breaks contact withhis home office's physical space (and hence the mobile device 100 breakscontact with an interface cradle 110 at the home office), the redirectorprogram 130 begins to route data, e-mail, voice calls, video calls,etc., and all other direct communications to the mobile device 100 overthe long-range wireless network 135, 140, 145. In another embodimenteach business office is made up of ‘cells’ called pico-cells 110 & 605in this application, shown in detail in FIG. 8. As the user roams withinthe office, he is preferably re-connected to whichever short-rangepico-cell 100 & 605 is located closest to him. In this manner, voice anddata may be routed within the corporate firewall 155 and LAN spacewirelessly to whichever office or cell a given user is currently locatedin. Advantageously, this system provides higher-bandwidth, costeffectiveness, rapid delivery of information redirected from the homeoffice. So as a user walked around, having meetings andmini-conferences, all his phone calls, data messages and e-mail messagewould also take the shortest path to the user within the company'sbuilding. Only if the user left the physical proximity of the companiesbuilding, or the coverage within the building is insufficient, would thelong-range, wide area wireless network have to be used.

It should be understood that the terms “office” and “officeenvironment,” as used herein, may refer to any enclosed or partiallyenclosed location, and are not limited to places in which business isconducted. The term office environment implies a relationship betweenthe user and the host system 120. In most businesses today thisrelationship is defined by the installation of a firewall 155 around thecorporate LAN enviromnent that acts as a privacy barrier for informationof all kinds. Advantageously, the invention supports this securerelationship created by the company's firewall 155 and allowsinformation to be routed security to the user without comprisingcorporate security. The firewall helps to define the relationshipbetween an individual and his corporate data.

Alternatively, the redirector application 130 may be provided withreal-time information regarding the quality of the various communicationpaths to the mobile user, and can use this quality information todetermine the best communication path for redirecting the data items.For example, even though the user may have come within close physicalproximity to one of the interface cradles 110, the link between theredirector application 130 and the interface cradle 110 may havedegraded in quality because of network congestion. In this situation,the redirector 130 would revert to the long-range wireless network 135,145, 150 in order to redirect information to the mobile device 100. Inanother example situation, the mobile user is within close physicalproximity of two RF-enabled interface cradles 110, but one is lesscongested then the other (i.e., less mobile users are communicating withone of the cradles than the other). In this situation, the redirectorapplication 130 may determine that the best communication path to themobile user is through the least congested interface cradle, and willthen redirect the data accordingly.

Using the redirector program, the user can select certain data items forredirection, such as phone calls, e-mail messages, calendar events,meeting notifications, address entries, journal entries, personalreminders, etc. As new data item types are added to the system, the usermay add these new data item types to a personal preference listmaintained by the redirector 130. The user can review a list of itemsthat could be redirected to his or her mobile device, and select thosedata item types that the user desires for redirection. Having selectedthe data items for redirection, the user can then configure one or moreevent triggers to be sensed by the redirector program and to initiateredirection of the user data items. These user-defined trigger points(or event triggers) may include external events, internal events andnetworked events.

Examples of external events include: receiving a message from the user'smobile data communication device to begin redirection; receiving asimilar message from some external computer; sensing that the user is nolonger in the vicinity of the desktop computer via the short-range RFlink to the cradle; or any other event that is external to the hostsystem. Internal events could be a calendar alarm, screen saveractivation, keyboard timeout, programmable timer, or any otheruser-defined event that is internal to the desktop computer. Networkedevents are user-defined messages that are transmitted to the host systemfrom another computer coupled to the host system via a network toinitiate redirection.

An exemplary redirector application for use with this system isdescribed in more detail in U.S. Pat. No. 6,219,694, entitled “Systemand Method for Pushing Information from a Host System to a Mobile DataCommunication Device,” which is commonly assigned with the presentapplication, and the disclosure of which has been incorporated into thisapplication by reference.

The systems shown in FIGS. 1-2 preferably operate as follows. As dataitems 95 reach the desktop 120 (or network server 225) they areprocessed by the redirection software 130. The redirection software 130is preferably operating either within the desktop system 120 or as partof the network server 225. The redirector software 130 determines thebest communication path for reaching a particular user associated withan incoming data item and then routes the data item 95 over the bestcommunication path. This determination step can take many forms. In apreferred form, the redirector software 130 maintains a database entryfor each mobile device 100 indicating whether the mobile device 100 iscurrently in the vicinity of an interface cradle 110 having an RFwireless interface, and the network address of that interface cradle110. If a particular mobile device is within the vicinity of such aninterface cradle 110, then the redirector 130 processes and transmitsthe data item 95 over the LAN (in the example of FIG. 2) or directly tothe cradle 110 (in the example of FIG. 1), which then transmits the dataitem 95 over its short-range RF link to the mobile device 100. If,however, the mobile device 100 is not within the vicinity of any suchinterface cradle 110, then the redirector application 130 routes thedata item over the long-range wireless network 135, 145, 150 to themobile device 100.

Preferably, when a user of a mobile device 100 comes within the physicalproximity of an interface cradle 110 having a short-range RF link, themobile device 100 transmits a contact message to the cradle 110. Thismessage contact is then processed and contact information is provided tothe redirector application 130 indicating that the mobile device 100 isnow within the physical proximity of the particular cradle 110. Then,when the mobile device 100 leaves the physical proximity of theparticular cradle 100, the cradle 100 senses the lack of communicationfrom the mobile device 100, and notifies the redirector application 130that the mobile device 100 is no longer in the proximity of the cradle110. In this manner, the redirector application 130 can determine theapproximate physical location of the mobile device 100.

Other exemplary methods of determining the approximate physical locationof the mobile device 100 (and hence the user) include: (1) detecting thephysical presence of the mobile device 100 in the physical serial cradle110, (2) detecting the activation of a screen saver program associatedwith the desktop host system, (3) using heat sensors to determinewhether the user has left the area of the host system, (4) using avisual image detector to determine whether the user is not present, or(5) receiving a direct command from the user to redirect information ina certain way. In each of these cases, the redirector application 130 isprovided with information that it uses to determine the bestcommunication path for redirecting data to the mobile device 100.

In the case of the network server 225 in FIG. 2, there is an additionalstep of determining which network workstation 220 received the data item95. This additional step is necessary in order to associate the dataitem 95 to a particular mobile device 100. This can be done throughspecial addressing, such as the ‘To Address’ in an E-mail message, or itcan be done using a phone extension for an incoming phone call.

In one embodiment, described in more detail below, the mobile device 100can be configured with a plurality of wirelessly-enabled components,including (1) a first component 310 for data storage, retrieval, andlong-range RF communication, and (2) a second component 305 for audioinput/output and short-range RF communication. Alternatively, ashort-range RF transceiver may be included in both the first component310 and the second component 305. The second component 305 is preferablya detachable ear-piece, which is placed in the ear of the user. Thissecond component 305 may communicate directly with the interface cradle110 via the short-range RF communication link, or it may communicatewith the first component 310, which then communicates with the interfacecradle 110. The first component 310 is preferably positioned in a deviceholster attached to the user's belt.

Using this multi-transceiver mobile device 100, if the user is in thesame room (or within close physical proximity) as one of the RF-enabledinterface cradles 110, then the data items 95 are redirected from theinterface cradle 110 either directly to the ear-piece component 305 orto the first component 310. For example, the system may be configuredsuch that voice information, like voice messages or real-time voicecalls, are redirected directly to the ear-piece component 305, whiledata information, such as E-mails, files, or other types of digitaldata, are redirected to the belt-worn first component 310. In thismanner, information is redirected directly to the user with no manualintervention with the desktop computer system 120.

As described above, the host system 120/225 is preferably located behinda corporate firewall system that protects a company's sensitivecorporate data. The system described herein operates in conjunction withthe company's existing security mechanisms (including the firewallsystem) by extending an already secure desktop/corporate environment tocover wireless mobile devices. This security takes places through theexchange of a shared secret (such as a public key forencrypted/decrypting data) between the mobile device 100 and the hostsystem 120/225, preferably through the RF-enabled interface cradle 110.This operation effectively extends the corporate firewall around themobile device 100, thereby creating a virtual private wireless network(VPWN).

FIG. 3 is a logical flow chart showing how a shared secret can besecurely exchanged between a mobile device 100 and a redirectorapplication 130 in the system shown in FIGS. 1-2. The method begins at250. In step 252, the user configures a security password, which isstored in conjunction with the redirector application 130. When the useris ready to exchange the shared secret, the user places the mobiledevice 100 in electrical and physical contact 254 with the interfacecradle 110. The user is then prompted 255 to enter a security passwordinto the mobile device (or into a desktop system coupled to theinterface cradle 110). If the security password is not valid, then themethod ends at 264. If, however, the security password is valid, then atstep 258 the shared secret is exchanged and stored at the redirectorapplication 130 and within the mobile device 100. This shared secret canthen be used by the redirector 130 to encrypt data prior to redirection,and also by the mobile device 100 to decrypt the encrypted data.Similarly, the shared secret can be used to encrypt reply information atthe mobile device 100 and to decrypt the encrypted reply information atthe redirector 130. At step 260, the method then determines whether theparticular mobile device 100 has two wireless components, such as thedevice mentioned above and described in more detail below. If the mobiledevice 100 does not have two wireless components, then the method ends264. If, however, the mobile device 100 includes at least two wirelesscomponents, then at step 262 the same (or some other) shared secret isthen exchanged between the first component 310 of the mobile device 100and the second component 305 of the mobile device 100. In this manner, asecure, end-to-end connection can be established between the redirectorapplication 130 and the mobile device 100, including a second wirelesscomponent 305 of the mobile device 100.

FIG. 4 is a bottom perspective view of an exemplary mobile device 100having a first wireless component 310 wearable on the user's belt and asecond wireless component 305 for insertion in the user's ear. FIG. 5 isanother bottom perspective view of the exemplary mobile device 100 shownin FIG. 4, in which the second wireless component 305 has been removedfrom the first wireless component 310. FIG. 6 provides a closer image ofhow the ear-piece or ear-bud 305 can be removed from the belt-worncomponent 310. This clip-in component 305 can be removed easily andplaced into the user's ear. Once removed, the RF transceiver of theear-piece 305 is preferably automatically activated (by sensing that itis no longer in electrical contact with the first component 310),enabling voice calls to be directly (or indirectly) received by thiscomponent 305. When the ear-piece 305 is snapped back into itscompartment within the belt-worn component 310, the RF transceiver inthe ear-piece 305 is preferably disabled. This automatic shutdown of theear-piece transceiver provides a method for holding all calls andsending them directly to voice mail. When the first component 310 sensesthat the ear-piece 305 is in the compartment, it will respond to anyincoming voice calls 95 by sending a message back to the redirector 120that indicates the call cannot be accepted and that it should be routedinto the user's voice mail system.

FIG. 7 is an electrical block diagram of the exemplary mobile device 100shown in FIGS. 4-6. FIGS. 4-7 describe an exemplary type of mobiledevice 100 that may be used with the system described herein. Anothertype of mobile device that could be modified for use with this system isdescribed in co-pending U.S. patent applications Ser. Nos. 09/106,585,09/344,432, 09/543,231, 09/634,774 and 09/663,972. These applications,which are co-owned with the present application, are hereby incorporatedherein by reference. The mobile device described in these applicationsincludes only a single wireless RF component for communicating over asingle communication path to a long-range wireless network. The deviceshown in FIG. 4-7 is similar to these devices in that it can communicateover a long-range wireless network, but also includes an RF interfacefor communicating over a short-range wireless network. This short-rangewireless interface is preferably implemented in both the first andsecond components 310, 305, so that the first component 310 cancommunicate with the second component 305 over the short-rangeinterface, and also both the first and second components 305, 310 cancommunicate with the one or more RF-enabled interface cradles 110.

The mobile device 100 shown in FIGS. 4-7 preferably comprises a firstRF-enabled component 310 and a second RF-enabled component 305. Thefirst RF-enabled component 310 preferably includes a pair of antennas312, 314 (although a single antenna structure could be used), aprocessor 322, a memory 320, an LCD display 328, at least onerechargeable battery 332, a long-range RF transceiver 316, one or moreshort-range RF transceivers 318, a power supply and recharging circuit334, a cradle interface circuit 330, and one or more input devices,including, preferably, a keyboard 324 such as described in the abovementioned co-pending applications and a thumbwheel 326. The firstcomponent 310 may also include a pressure-sensitive writing tablet.

The input devices 324, 326 on the first component 310 are used torespond to and generate messages, such as E-mail messages. The firstcomponent 310 preferably interfaces with a belt-worn holster forreceiving the first component 310 and securing it to a user's belt. Thelong-range RF transceiver 316 is used to send and receive informationfrom the long-range wireless network 135, 145, 150, and the one or moreshort-range RF transceivers 318 are used to send and receive informationfrom either the RF-enabled interface cradle 110 or the second component305.

The power supply circuit 334 receives power from the battery 332 andprovides conditioned power to the remainder of the circuitry in thefirst component 310. When the first component 310 is placed in theinterface cradle 110, the first component can communicate informationwith the interface cradle 110, and hence the redirector application 120,via the cradle interface circuit 330. The cradle interface circuit 330also receives recharging power from the interface cradle 110 forrecharging the battery 332.

The second component 305 is preferably an RF-enabled ear-piece that maybe connected to (both mechanically and electrically) the first component310. The second component 305 preferably includes a microphone and aspeaker 338, a short-range wireless transceiver 340, an antenna 342, anda rechargeable battery 336. The second component 305 may also include anintegral processor 344. When the second component 305 is placed into thefirst component 310, a shared secret can be exchanged between the twowireless components of the mobile device 100 so that any communicationsbetween the first and second components 305/310 may be encrypted. Also,the rechargeable battery 336 of the second component 305 may berecharged by the battery 334 of the first component 310 through powersupply recharging circuitry 334 when the two components are inelectrical contact.

In other embodiments, the mobile device 100 may include a cameracomponent for displaying or sending video images to the mobile user, orcould include sensory circuits for monitoring the mobile user's vitalinformation such as pulse and blood pressure. In these embodiments anurse or doctor in a hospital floor could wear the first component,while the second might be in a patient's room monitoring some vitalstatistics. The short-range communication in this example might reachseveral hundred feet and several second components might becommunicating to a single first component. This information could thenbe relayed on from the first component worn by the nurse or doctor to acentral nursing station for all nurses on duty to see and monitor.

One example of how the mobile device 100 shown in FIGS. 4-7 can be usedwith the system described herein is as follows. When voice calls arriveto the user's desktop computer 120, the short-range wireless cradle 110informs the desktop 120 whether it can route the call directly to theuser's belt component 310. If the user is within communicable distanceof the RF-enabled cradle 110, then the call is routed directly from thedesktop computer 120 to the belt component 310 via the short-rangewireless communication path, and then from the first component 310 tothe ear-piece component 305. Alternatively, the call may be routeddirectly to the second component 305. If, however, the mobile device 100(and hence the mobile user) is out of range of the interface cradle 110,or is in poor coverage, or is experiencing congestion problems, then thecall is routed from the desktop host system 120 via the long-rangewireless network 135, 145, 150 to the user's first component 310 of themobile device 100. Once the call is received from the long-rangenetwork, the first component 310 then routes the call to the user'sear-piece component 305, and the phone call is completed preferablywithout either party to the call knowing that the re-routing has takenplace.

In one embodiment, the ear-piece component 305 and the belt component310 both include short-range RF transceivers that communicate with theRF-enabled interface cradle 110. Using this embodiment of the mobiledevice 100, voice calls are routed directly from the interface cradle110 to the ear-piece component 305, and information data messages arerouted from the interface cradle 110 to the belt component 310.

The mobile device 100 may also include a natural language-type voiceinterface between the ear-piece component 305 and the belt component310. This interface allows the user to interact with the belt component310 and issue a series of voice commands, such as: “Directory Services,”“Find Name: Gary,” “Select Gary M,” or “Call Gary.” In this series ofexample commands, the interface, which is preferably a software-basedinterface operating in the belt component 310, would preferably findseveral “Garys” and then prompt the user to select a particular “Gary.”The voice interface may also allow enable the user to issue callingcommands that are spoken into the microphone of the second component305, such as “accept call,” “route call,” “refuse call,” and “send callto voice-mail.”

Using the voice interface, for example, the user may, in an importantbusiness meeting, temporarily suspend voice calls, but allow messagesfrom their secretary through in the event of an emergency. Or, the firstcomponent 310 could be configured to voice caller ID information onincoming voice calls to the user through the second component 305 sothat the user may decide whether to answer the call. The first componentmay, for example, play a message on the second component 305, such as“you have a call from Gary Mousseau, say Accept to accept the call oranything else to send the call to voice mail.” Alternatively, the firstcomponent 310 might vibrate to indicate that a voice call is arriving,at which point the user could remove the first component and view adisplay of the caller's ID. Then, the user could interface with theinput device(s) on the first component 310 to accept the call, to sendit to voice mail, or to hang-up on the caller. In this manner, themobile device 100 may operate as a hands-free calling center forreceiving and transmitting voice calls, in addition to receiving andtransmitting a variety of data types.

FIG. 8 depicts a first user 350 of a mobile device 100 such as shown inFIGS. 4-7 communicating via a first communication path comprising ashort-range wireless link, and a second user 360 having a mobile devicesuch as shown in FIGS. 4-7 communicating via a second communication pathcomprising a long range wireless link. In this figure, the first user350 is in the vicinity of an RF-enabled interface cradle 110, but thesecond user 360 is not.

The first user 350 is preferably in her office, and has removed thesecond component 305 from the first component 310 of the mobile device100 and placed it 305 in her ear. As voice calls or data messages arriveinto the user's desktop system 120, the voice calls are preferablyrouted directly to the second component 305, while the data messages aretransmitted to the first component 310. Alternatively, the voice callsmay be routed to the first component 310 from the RF interface of theinterface cradle 110, and the first component 310 would then transmitthe voice calls up to the second component 305. The user's desktopsystem 120 maybe operating as the redirector 130, or may be operatingover a LAN in conjunction with a network-based redirector 225/130. Theinterface cradle 110 also has an antenna 605 for communicating with boththe ear-piece component 305 and the first component 310.

The user 350 may configure the redirector 130 such that if the firstcomponent 310 is placed in the interface cradle 110, then the redirector130 stops redirecting data to the first component 310. In this example,the act of placing the mobile device 100 in the cradle 110 operates as atrigger to stop and start redirection. In a similar embodiment, placingthe ear-piece 305 into the first component 310 holder turns offredirection of voice calls to the user's ear from the first component310. In this later example, if the ear-piece 305 is in the firstcomponent 310, which is in turn positioned in the interface cradle 110,then the user's ‘traditional’ phone or computer may be configured toring when a voice call arrives.

In the bottom portion of FIG. 8, the second user 360 has moved out ofthe vicinity of any RF-enabled interface cradles 110. At this point, theear-piece 305 preferably detects that it can no longer establish RFcontact with an interface cradle 110, and thus establishes RF contactdirectly with the first component 310. Similarly, the first component310 detects that it also cannot establish an RF link to the interfacecradle 110, and, therefore, to maintain an RF link for data and voice,the first component 310 turns on its long-range RF transceiver to makecontact with a long-range wireless network. As discussed above, when themobile device 100 breaks contact with the interface cradle 110, contactinformation is provided to the redirector 130 so that it can determinewhether to redirect information over the long-range RF network.

FIG. 9 expands upon FIG. 8, and shows the users 350/360 movingthroughout an office environment and into an environment beyond theoffice. The office shown in FIG. 9 may include a plurality of RF-enabledinterface cradles 110 that form a plurality of wireless ‘cells,’referred to herein as pico-cells. As the second user 360 roams withinthe office, he is preferably connected and re-connected to whichevershort-range pico-cell is located closest to him (i.e., which RF-enabledinterface cradle 110 he is closest to.) As the user connects,disconnects and connects to the plurality of interface cradles 110, hisphysical presence is detected by virtue of the RF connections, androuting information is then provided from the cradles 110 to theredirector application 130, which is preferably operating at the networkserver 225. The redirector application 130 then uses this contactinformation to alter the location to which the user's data items areredirected. Thus, as the user 360 roams from pico-cell to pico-cell, hisdata items are automatically redirected to wherever he is physicallylocated.

As the redirected data items 95 (voice and data) arrive for the user 360they are routed to the correct desktop and sent directly through theinterface cradle 110 to the user's ear-piece 305 or belt-worn component310. Given the data-carrying capacity of current corporate LANs, i.e.,10 megabit or 100 megabit speeds, it is also possible to multiplex morethan one voice call, or data exchange with a mobile device through thesame interface cradle 110. Thus, more than one user may be served byeach of the plurality of interface cradles 110. As the user leaves theoffice environment, and thus the range of the office pico-cell network,this is detected by the system and the redirector then routes anyincoming data items over the long-range wireless network to the mobiledevice 100.

In this manner, voice and data may be routed behind the corporatefirewall and LAN space wirelessly to the current location of the mobileuser. As the user moves around the office space, all his phone calls,data messages and E-mail messages would be routed to the mobile device100 via the network of pico-cells. Only if the user left the physicalproximity of the office space, or if the coverage within the officespace is insufficient, would the data items then be redirected to themobile device 100 over the long-range wireless network. FIG. 10 alsoexpands upon FIG. 8, and shows the users 350/360 moving through a firstoffice environment and into a second, related office environment at adifferent physical location from the first office environment. In thisscenario, there may be only a short period of time where the user'smobile device 100 may need to use the long-range network 720, such aswhen the user is traveling outside the corporate offices.

As the user 360 moves from the first office location to the secondoffice location and enters Office 4 805 and Office 5 810, the user'smobile device 100 is once again in communication with one of theplurality of RF-enabled interface cradles 110 acting as a pico-cell. Inthis instance, the user's position information is provided to a networkserver serving the second office location, and is then communicated viaa virtual private network (or VPN) 815 over a wide area network to theredirector application operating at the first office location. Thus, theredirector knows that the user is at a particular location in the secondoffice and may redirect the user's voice and data informationaccordingly.

The VPN 815 may be created with a high-speed point-to-point connectionover ISDN, Frame Relay or T1 circuits. Alternatively, many companiescreate VPNs 815 over the Internet with special security routers on bothends of the connection. The multi-office pico-cell solution shown inFIG. 10 is advantageous because it increases the speed at which data canbe redirected, and reduces the price for re-routing data items 95 to theuser. Generally, long-range wireless data networks may expensive to use.Thus, by redirecting data over the expensive long-range network onlywhen absolutely necessary, the system described herein provides a lessexpensive wireless redirection solution.

FIG. 11 is a logical flow diagram depicting a series of exemplary stepsexecuted by a redirector application operating at a host system fordetermining which communication path should be used for routing dataitems to a particular mobile device. This flow begins either at step 905or step 945. At step 905, RF feedback from the mobile device 100 isprovided to one of the plurality of interface cradles 110. At step 945,data items such as voice calls or digital data messages arrive at theredirector application 130 for a particular mobile device user.

In step 910 the system determines whether the mobile user has changedlocation. This change information may be generated (1) if the userleaves RF coverage with the closest-range RF link provided by aninterface cradle 110, or (2) if the user returns into short-rangecoverage of an interface cradle 110. If the user has entered short-rangeRF coverage of an interface cradle, then at step 915 the ear-piececomponent 305 of the mobile device 100 preferably makes contact with theclosest interface cradle 110. A program operating in conjunction withthe interface cradle 110 then receives the contact signal from theinterface cradle 110 and records this information 920. If,alternatively, the user has just left short-range RF coverage of theinterface cradle 110, then at step 925 the ear-piece component 305 willcontact the belt-worn component 310 of the mobile device, and theinterface cradle 110 will detect that the previously established RF linkhas been broken. The interface cradle 110 detects that the RF link ismissing by performing a periodic PING at the protocol level to check forthe presence of one or more ear-piece components 305. This contactinformation is then passed from the interface cradle 110 to the programoperating in conjunction with the interface cradle 110 where it istemporarily stored. In either case (making contact or breaking contact),the contact information is written to a user profile at step 935 forlater retrieval 940.

The user profile may be maintained at the desktop system 120 in theexample system shown in FIG. 1 where the redirection application 130 isoperating at a desktop host. Alternatively, the user profile may betransferred over the LAN to the network server 225 in the example shownin FIG. 2. In any event, the redirector application 130 has access tothe most recently written contact information from the plurality ofinterface cradles 110 from which it may determine where to redirect theuser's data items.

At step 945, voice and data items 95 addressed for a particular userarrive into the system. Once items are received, the redirectorapplication queries the user database 940 (where the user profile isstored) to determine whether the user may be reached via one of the oneor more pico-cells generated by the plurality of interface cradles 110.If the user is currently marked as reachable through the short-range RFnetwork, then the data items are encoded and routed to the appropriateinterface cradle 110. The encoding step ensures that security ismaintained between the cradle 110 and the mobile device 100. If the userleaves coverage of the short-range RF network just at the moment that adata item is about to be transmitted to him, then the system detectsthis occurrence and reverts to using the long-range RF network asdescribed in step 970. Once the data item is encoded and sent to theinterface cradle 110, it is preferably received and either (1)transmitted directly to the ear-piece component 305 if it is a voicecall, or (2) transmitted directly to the belt-worn component 310 if itis a data message. If the database 940 indicates that the user is notreachable by the short-range RF network, then the data item is encodedfor long-range RF transmission in step 970 and is transmitted to theuser's mobile device 100 over the long-range wireless network.Preferably, the encoding scheme used for long-range RF transmission isdifferent than that used for short-range RF transmission.

FIG. 12 is a logical flow diagram depicting a series of exemplary stepsexecuted by a redirector application operating at a host system fordetermining which communication path should be used for routing dataitems to a particular mobile device within a corporate environmenthaving a plurality of office locations. The steps shown in FIG. 12 aresimilar to those described above with respect to FIG. 11, but addsupport for a larger company with branch offices and many pico-cellslocated throughout the company's locations.

The method begins at step 1005 or 1055. At step 1005, RF feedback fromthe mobile device 100 is received by the system, preferably at one ofthe plurality of interface cradles 110. The interface cradle 110operates in conjunction with a system program that determines, at step1010, whether the particular mobile device 100 is making or breakingcontact with the interface cradle 110. If the mobile device 100 isbreaking contact with the interface cradle 110, then at step 1030 theear-piece component 305 makes contact with the belt-worn component 310(instead of the interface cradle 110), and at step 1035, the interfacecradle 110 determines that it is no longer in communication with theear-piece component 305 and records this lack-of-contact information.

If, however, the mobile device 100 is making contact with the interfacecradle 110, then at step 1015 the ear-piece component 305 makes contactwith the interface cradle 110, and at step 1020 the system determineswhether the mobile device 100 is making contact with a new pico-cell(i.e., a different interface cradle 110). If the mobile device 100 isnot making contact with a new interface cradle 110, then the methodreverts to step 1005, and waits for additional RF feedback from themobile device 100. If, however, the mobile device 100 is making contactwith a new pico-cell cradle 110, then control passes to step 1025, wherethe system records contact information including information thatidentifies the particular pico-cell interface cradle 110.

At step 1040, the contact information from steps 1025/1035 is thenprovided to the redirector application 130, which stores thisinformation in the appropriate user profile 1050. If the system includesmultiple redirector applications (and perhaps multiple user profiles),then at step 1045 the contact information is propagated to the otherredirector applications that may be operating at other company locationsfrom the first redirector.

As data items are received by the redirector (or plurality ofredirectors) at step 1055, the redirector reads the user profile 1050 inorder to determine the approximate physical location of the user. If theuser is reachable via one of the pico-cell interface cradles 110, asdetermined at step 1065, then control passes to step 1070 where the dataitems are encoded and routed to the appropriate interface cradle 110.The interface cradle 110 then transmits the data items to the mobiledevice 100 via the short-range communication path. If the user is notreachable via one of the pico-cell interface cradles 110, then at step1080 the system determines if the data items are to be redirected (asconfigured by the user of the mobile device), and if so, then the dataitems are encoded and routed outside the corporate firewall to thewide-area wireless network and transmitted to the mobile device 100 instep 1085.

Having described in detail the preferred embodiments of the presentinvention, including the preferred methods of operation, it is to beunderstood that this operation could be carried out with differentelements and steps. This preferred embodiment is presented only by wayof example and is not meant to limit the scope of the present inventionwhich is defined by the following claims.

1. A method of redirecting data to a mobile communication device capableof communicating via at least one short-range wireless communicationpath and at least one long-range wireless communication path,comprising: receiving data at a host system; determining whether themobile communication device is within coverage of a cell of a pluralityof cells, each cell being operable with an associated short-rangewireless communication path; if the mobile communication device iswithin coverage of a cell, then redirecting the received data from thehost system to the mobile communication device via the short-rangewireless communication path associated therewith; and if the mobilecommunication device is not within coverage of any cells, thenredirecting the received data from the host system to the mobilecommunication device via a long-range wireless communication patheffectuated over a wide area cellular network.
 2. The method as recitedin claim 1, further comprising: receiving contact information from themobile communication device, wherein the contact information is operableto indicate that the mobile communication device is within coverage of aparticular cell.
 3. The method as recited in claim 1, furthercomprising: receiving an indication at the host system that the mobilecommunication device is outside coverage of a particular cell.
 4. Themethod as recited in claim 1, wherein the host system comprises one of:a standalone desktop computer, a networked computer, a server computercoupled to an enterprise network, and a network node disposed on theInternet.
 5. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the plurality ofcells are operable with a radio frequency compatible with at least oneof a short-range RF interface and a Bluetooth interface.
 6. The methodas recited in claim 1, further comprising: upon determining that themobile communication device is within coverage of two or more cells,evaluating which cell is more optimally located with respect toredirecting the received data to the mobile communication device.
 7. Themethod as recited in claim 1, further comprising: determining if themobile communication device has moved from coverage of a first cell tocoverage of a second cell of the plurality of cells; and if so,redirecting the received data from the host system to the mobilecommunication device via a short-range wireless communication pathassociated with the second cell.
 8. The method as recited in claim 1,wherein the long-range wireless communication path is effectuated overat least one of a Mobitex Radio Network, a DataTAC Radio Network, aGeneral Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network, an Enhanced Data Rates forGlobal System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Evolution (EDGE) network,a 3^(rd) Generation network, an Integrated Digital Enhanced Network(IDEN), a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) network, a UniversalMobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, and a Wideband-CodeDivision Multiple Access (W-CDMA) network.
 9. A system for redirectingdata to a mobile communication device capable of communicating via atleast one short-range wireless communication path and at least onelong-range wireless communication path, comprising: means fordetermining whether the mobile communication device is within coverageof a cell of a plurality of cells, each cell being operable with anassociated short-range wireless communication path; means, operable upondetermining that the mobile communication device is within coverage of acell, for redirecting data received at a host system to the mobilecommunication device via the short-range wireless communication pathassociated therewith; and means, operable upon determining that themobile communication device is not within coverage of any cells, forredirecting data received at the host system to the mobile communicationdevice via a long-range wireless communication path effectuated over awide area cellular network.
 10. The system as recited in claim 9,further comprising means for processing contact information receivedfrom the mobile communication device, wherein the contact information isoperable to indicate that the mobile communication device is withincoverage of a particular cell.
 11. The system as recited in claim 9,wherein the host system comprises one of: a standalone desktop computer,a networked computer, a server computer coupled to an enterprisenetwork, and a network node disposed on the Internet.
 12. The system asrecited in claim 9, wherein the plurality of cells are operable with aradio frequency compatible with at least one of a short-range RFinterface and a Bluetooth interface.
 13. The system as recited in claim9, further comprising means, operable upon determining that the mobilecommunication device is within coverage of two or more cells, forevaluating which cell is more optimally located with respect toredirecting the received data to the mobile communication device. 14.The system as recited in claim 9, further comprising: means fordetermining if the mobile communication device has moved from coverageof a first cell to coverage of a second cell of the plurality of cells;and means for continuing with redirection of the data received at thehost system to the mobile communication device via a short-rangewireless communication path associated with the second cell.
 15. Thesystem as recited in claim 9, wherein the long-range wirelesscommunication path is effectuated over at least one of a Mobitex RadioNetwork, a DataTAC Radio Network, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)network, an Enhanced Data Rates for Global System for MobileCommunications (GSM) Evolution (EDGE) network, a 3^(rd) Generationnetwork, an Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (IDEN), a Code DivisionMultiple Access (CDMA) network, a Universal Mobile TelecommunicationsSystem (UMTS) network, and a Wideband-Code Division Multiple Access(W-CDMA) network.
 16. A mobile communication device, comprising: meansfor communicating via at least one short-range wireless communicationpath upon determining that the mobile communication device is withincoverage of a cell of a plurality of cells, each cell being operablewith an associated short-range wireless communication path; and meansfor communicating via at least one long-range wireless communicationpath upon determining that the mobile communication device is not withincoverage of any cell of the plurality of cells.
 17. The mobilecommunication device as recited in claim 16, wherein the plurality ofcells are operable with a radio frequency compatible with at least oneof a short-range RF interface and a Bluetooth interface.
 18. The mobilecommunication device as recited in claim 16, wherein the means forcommunicating via at least one long-range wireless communication path isoperable with at least one of a Mobitex Radio Network, a DataTAC RadioNetwork, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network, an Enhanced DataRates for Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Evolution (EDGE)network, a 3^(rd) Generation network, an Integrated Digital EnhancedNetwork (IDEN), a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) network, aUniversal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, and aWideband-Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA) network.